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To create the display surface, your program uses _mode(). All other surfaces have to be drawn on this one at some point. That surface represents the screen and is the one that will eventually be displayed to players. There’s one special surface in each Pygame project. Surfaces can be drawn on one another, allowing you to create complex scenes from simple pictures. Here are a few things to know about them: Images in Pygame are represented by surfaces. You’ll learn more about this method in a moment. The actual Pygame initialization happens in _init_pygame(). Line 4 is the constructor of the SpaceRocks class, and it’s a perfect place to put any methods required to initialize Pygame. Line 1 imports the Pygame module to get access to all its amazing features. Here’s what’s happening in the code, step by step: set_caption ( "Space Rocks" ) 17 18 def _handle_input ( self ): 19 pass 20 21 def _process_game_logic ( self ): 22 pass 23 24 def _draw ( self ): 25 self. _draw () 13 14 def _init_pygame ( self ): 15 pygame. set_mode (( 800, 600 )) 7 8 def main_loop ( self ): 9 while True : 10 self. The file should look like this:ġ import pygame 2 3 class SpaceRocks : 4 def _init_ ( self ): 5 self. This is where you’ll put the main class of your Asteroids game: SpaceRocks. How about “Space Rocks”?Ĭreate a space_rocks directory, and inside it create a file called game.py. However, considering that you might expand your Asteroids game in the future, it’s a good idea to encapsulate all these operations in a Python class.Ĭreating a class means that you need to pick a name for your game, but “Asteroids” is already taken.

The general structure of a Pygame program isn’t complicated, and you could probably get away with putting it in a basic loop. It will include all the items that are currently in the game and are visible to the player. This part is also responsible for checking if the player has won or lost the game.ĭrawing: If the game hasn’t ended yet, then this is where the frame will be drawn on screen.

Here, the rules of physics are applied, collisions are detected and handled, artificial intelligence does its job, and so on. Game logic: This is where most of the game mechanics are implemented. Depending on the game, it can cause objects to change their position, create new objects, request the end of the game, and so on. Input handling: Input like pressed buttons, mouse motion, and VR controllers position is gathered and then handled. Each iteration of this loop generates a single frame of the game and usually performs the following operations: Line 3 starts a loop, called the game loop. To organize your project, start by creating a folder for it:ġ initialize_pygame () 2 3 while True : 4 handle_input () 5 process_game_logic () 6 draw_game_elements () Your favorite text editor and the command line will be enough. You won’t need any specific game development tools. This will be first step toward your Asteroids game. It will display a window with a caption, filled with a blue color. Step 1: Pygame SetupĪt the end of this step, you’ll have a small Python project that uses Pygame. The Pygame documentation can be useful if you want to understand some concepts in depth, but you’ll find everything you need to know in this tutorial. However, if you want to know more, then you can check out Vector Addition. Pygame will take care of most of the math, and all the necessary concepts will be explained in this tutorial. The game will also use vectors to represent positions and directions, as well as some vector operations to move the elements on the screen. If you need to refresh your knowledge on these topics, then check our Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Python 3. You should already be comfortable with the language itself as well as with concepts like classes, inheritance, and callbacks. To build your Asteroids game, you’ll need some more advanced elements of Python. Shooting bullets and destroying asteroidsĮach step will provide links to all necessary resources.Moving the asteroids and detecting collisions with the spaceship.Creating game objects with an image, a position, and some logic.Loading images and showing them on the screen.The project will be broken into ten steps: When all asteroids are gone, the game will end in a victory! When an asteroid collides with the spaceship, the spaceship will be destroyed, and the game will end in a defeat. A small asteroid won’t split but will be destroyed by a bullet. When a bullet hits a medium asteroid, it will split into two small ones. When a bullet hits a big asteroid, it will split into two medium ones. There will also be six big asteroids in the game.